منابع مشابه
Animal Testing
A configuration of unit cubes in three dimensions with integer coordinates is called an animal if the boundary of their union is homeomorphic to a sphere. Shermer discovered several animals from which no single cube may be removed such that the resulting configurations are also animals [16]. Here we obtain a dual result: we give an example of an animal to which no cube may be added within its m...
متن کاملAlternatives in animal testing.
1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Health Science Center, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100277, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA 2Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Health Science Center, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100277, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA 3Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, University of Florida, P.O. Box 100277, Gainesville, FL 32610...
متن کاملAn animal welfare perspective on animal testing of GMO crops.
The public discussion on the introduction of agro-genetic engineering focuses mainly on economical, ecological and human health aspects. The fact is neglected that laboratory animals must suffer before either humans or the environment are affected. However, numerous animal experiments are conducted for toxicity testing and authorisation of genetically modified plants in the European Union. Thes...
متن کاملPsychological & Behavioural Animal Experiments and Research Testing
Psychologists have investigated the effects of deliberately induced stress, such as that arising from social isolation, either by solitary confinement or by separation of infant animals from their mother. Animals are also subjected to deliberate brain damage, in order to observe the effects on behaviour. Electric shocks or other painful stimuli are often used to study the process of learning wh...
متن کاملAn animal model for testing automatic defibrillators.
A promising therapy for ventricular fibrillation--a life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia--is implantation of an automatic defibrillator. A critical component of such a device is the system that detects the presence of ventricular fibrillation. Automatic systems for detecting ventricular fibrillation have been tested with arrhythmias produced by electric shocks in normal canine hearts, but have n...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
سال: 1997
ISSN: 0141-0768,1758-1095
DOI: 10.1177/014107689709001237